“Square Peg: My Story and What It Means for Raising Innovators, Visionaries, & Out-of-the-Box Thinkers” by Todd Rose

1.) Variability is the rule: As humans, our ways of perceiving thr world and reacting to what we perceive are much more diverse and dynamic than we might ever have imagined.

2.) Emotions are serious stuff: Contrary to what we’ve long believed, modern neuroscience has shown that there is no such thing as purely rational thought or behavior. Parents and teachers need to learn to tune in to children’s emotional states to help them make the most of their education.

3.) Context is key: People often behave in dramatically different ways, depending on the circumstances . Among other things, this suggests that we unfairly prejudice children by labeling them with a disorder, when they’d be perfectly fine in a different environment.

4.) Feedback loops determine long-term success or failure: Remember those flapping butterfly wings, and keep in mind that small changes in your child’s life today can make an enormous difference tomorrow.

Listed above are Todd Rose’s rules for understanding the variables in all of our educations. Learning is, for each of us, a complex system with many factors at play. His thesis is that until this is acknowledged in the classroom ‘No Child Left Behind’ is a hollow sediment instead of a genuine call to action.

Square Peg is an autobiography of an education, a thoughtful memoir of the challenges involved in going from a high school dropout with a kid on the way to a Harvard-educated and employed education reformer.

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Art Appreciation: Katsushika Hokusai

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I have a stack of Economist magazines from last year that I never got around to reading. Today I went through a couple finally trying to catch up. It was interesting to read the world news of the moment a year removed; to see what they got wrong and what’s still important.

An article about an exhibit on the work of Japanese artist Katsushika Hokusai (1760-1849) caught my eye with a graphic of his work, “The Great Wave.” This painting is familiar to me for some reason, but only peripherally. Perhaps it decorates the interior of a restaurant I like. I had NO IDEA that it was painted in the 1830s, and that Hokusai’s work inspired the likes of Van Gogh (1853-1890).

“The Great Wave” is a woodblock print, meaning the work was easily reproducible and available to Hokusai’s patrons for about “the price of a big bowl of noodle soup.” This was humble art made for the people. Of the nearly 5,000 copies made in Hokusai’s lifetime very few remain, the ones around today being the survivors of natural disasters, world wars, and almost 200 years time.

Required Reading, Fourth Week of April 2016

Throughout the week, I read a LOT of online articles. What follows are the three I found most interesting:

The Next Conservative Movement,via The Wall Street Journal–The national representatives of the Republican Party seems to have completely lost the plot over the past few years. I liked this article’s summation of the party’s difficulties, as well as the suggestions it gives for bringing Conservatism into the 21st century:

 Liberals treasure the social liberation and growing cultural diversity of the past half-century but lament the economic dislocation, the loss of social solidarity and the rise in inequality. Conservatives celebrate the economic liberalization and dynamism but lament the social instability, moral disorder, cultural breakdown and weakening of fundamental institutions and traditions. Part of Mr. Trump’s appeal has been that he basically laments it all—and thus unites the anxieties of those who see no real upside for themselves in the evolution of modern America.

But a politics of angry lamentation, whatever visceral appeal it may have, cannot look forward. America cannot afford a competition of barren nostalgias. We need a politics that builds on our strengths to address our weaknesses.

 

The Global Glut of Stored Time ,via The Reformed Broker–this short article, as well as it’s companion piece ‘Abundance’,contains a number of interesting concepts for making sense of the times we live in. The author’s premise is that we live in a time of unparalleled abundance, and that we have too much money and entertainment for our own good. Sounds like a good problem to have, right? The problem is that it’s inefficient, and we have no clue what to do with it all. Also, a new way to think about money:

“People work in order to convert their time into a unit of account,” he said. “We call that money, and it’s an invention that allows us to store time.” Most people have stored little or none. So when they receive money, they quickly purchase necessities; food, shelter, health care. “People who are able to save money inevitably purchase real estate, stocks, bonds – all of which are alternative vehicles for storing time.” One share of Google stores 30 hours of work for the average American, or 30 minutes of copying-and-pasting formation documents for the average hedge fund attorney. “Bill Gates has stored enough time to fund a 1bln person army for 20 years.”

 

The Best is The Last,via Benedict Evans–I feel Benedict Evans’ insight about innovation, that a technology is at its finest iteration right before it gets superseded by something else, is enlightening. It explains why laptops and PCs are so amazing and cheap even though some would say that technology is passé and on the verge of becoming secondary to mobile,  among other things. This essay uses the examples of airplanes and sailing vessels:

The point of this excursion into tech history is that a technology often produces its best results just when it’s ready to be replaced – it’s the best it’s ever been, but it’s also the best it could ever be. There’s no room for more optimization – the technology has run its course and it’s time for something new, and any further attempts at optimization produce something that doesn’t make much sense.

Are Your Chances of Having a Baby Boy or Girl Really A 50/50 Split?

Probability

This has to be a case of spending waaaay too much energy just to solve a simple problem.

Laying in bed the other morning unable to get back to sleep, I kept pondering the randomness of a baby’s gender. Is it really a random 50/50 possibility either way? After all,  the world population isn’t exactly even ( 3,477,829,638  men to 3,418,059,380  women in 2010, according to The Internet). And a lot of families with more than one child seem skewed to one gender or another, almost as if they couldn’t have children of the other gender if they tried.

So I used my parents large families as an example. On the liquid marker board on my wall, I plotted the older generation of each family vertically and connected each of their bubbles horizontally to the bubbles representing their children. Below, I redrew the bubbles and flipped a coin for each one and recorded each coin tosses’ outcome by coloring each bubble either red or blue. Viewed in the aggregate, the results look strikingly similar. (The only 50/50 split come from my cousins on my mom’s side. Out of three sisters, one had two girls, the other a boy and a girl, while my mom had two boys.)

This also reveals something about probability that has isn’t exactly obvious: that a 50/50 chance doesn’t necessarily yield an even distribution of outcome in real life.

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For more information, check out Wikipedia’s page on Human Sex Ratio.

Required Reading, Second Week of April 2016

Throughout the week, I read a LOT of online articles. What follows are the two I found most interesting:

Why Most People Don’t Learn From Their Mistakes, via Maneatingrobot–This blog post by Shane Snow is the shortcomings inherent in the cliche “That which doesn’t kill you makes you stronger.” As he says, “What doesn’t kill you doesn’t make you stronger if it puts you in a lifelong coma.”:

Researchers interviewed 500 prisoners about how they felt about their crimes, and then kept tabs on them after release to see whether they ended up re-committing similar crimes. The researchers catalogued the prisoners in two categories: those who felt guilt and those who felt shame. Guilt means that you feel badly for your actions. Shame means that you feel badly about who you are.

Though guilt and shame sound like similar emotions, they proved highly predictive of the ex-cons’ future behavior. Prisoners who felt guilty for what they’d done tended to do better post-parole; they focused on the actions they could do differently since it was their own actions that got them locked up in the first place. Prisoners who felt shame tended to blame their circumstances in order to preserve their self-esteem—both regarding their crimes and in their general lives—and so they didn’t actually learn from the mistakes and continued on to lives of crime later. Many in the “shame” category ended up back in the slammer.

 

The Voyeur’s Motel, via The New Yorker–Here is a long expose about a man who purchases a motel in Aurora, Colorado in order to fulfill a lifelong ambition: to be able to spy on the personal lives of strangers. Over the years, this man is witness to all shades of depravity and tedium and has finally gone public with his story. Perhaps, in a way, we’re all voyeurs:

A voyeur is motivated by anticipation; he invests endless hours in the hope of seeing what he wishes to see. Yet for every erotic episode he witnesses he is also privy to hundreds of mundane moments representing the ordinary daily human routine—people channel-surfing, snoring, urinating, primping, and doing other things too tediously real for reality television.

“The New New Thing” by Michael Lewis

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I really do think, and not just because I happen to be writing a book about it, that the business of creating and foisting new technology upon others that goes on in Silicon Valley is near the core of the American experience. The United States obviously occupies a strange place in the world. It is the capital of innovation, of material prosperity, of a certain kind of energy, of certain kinds of freedom, and of transience. Silicon Valley is to the United States what the United States is to the rest of the world. It is one of those places, unlike the Metropolitan Museum of Art, but like Las Vegas, that are unimaginable anywhere but in the United States. It is distinctively us.

This snapshot of late-1990s Silicon Valley is interesting because it’s so far removed from today. Think about what has changed: Google wasn’t started until 1998, Apple was floundering, and Microsoft ruled software; all while cell phones were novelties that could barely even function as phones.The ‘new new thing’ has since been fawned over and discarded a hundred times.

The main character here is Jim Clark, a name the public has forgotten who made billions from taking the Netscape browser public on the stock market. From reading this, I’m certain than he did a lot to push technologies from Netflix to GPS navigation from fanciful to commonplace. His gusto prompted gigantic tech companies to pour billions of dollars into these innovations that were terrible failures for their first dozen iterations.

Michael Lewis’ musings on untrammeled ambition and the ceaseless desire for New and More that technologists foist upon the world are not to be missed.

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“Napoleon” by Paul Johnson

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The Louisiana Purchase must rate as Bonaparte’s greatest single failure of imagination. “Louisiana” compromised 828,000 square miles, subsequently becoming thirteen states. France was paid $15 million, or four cents an acre. If Bonaparte had used France’s legitimate rights to its American territory to explore and create an enormous dominion across the Atlantic, instead of trying to carve out an illegitimate empire in Europe, he would have enriched France instead of impoverishing her, provided scope for countless adventurous young Frenchmen instead of killing them in futile battles, and incidentally inflicted more damage on his British opponents than all his efforts in Europe. He would also have changed the globe permanently, something his career failed to achieve in the end.

This is a departure from the short biographies I’ve read by Paul Johnson because it’s obvious that he doesn’t like Napoleon. I’ve read his biographies on Socrates, Charles Darwin, and Winston Churchill, and each were intoxicating because of the author’s passion for his subject. His breathless enthusiasm is like that of a passionate teacher lecturing on something that excites him. But with Napoleon, Johnson’s usual enthusiasm is tempered by the tyrant’s pivotal failures.

Johnson sees Napoleon as a monumental but ultimately tragic figure, dragged down by his overwhelming aggression and ambition, a force of destruction and upheaval rather than creation. An opportunist for opportunity’s sake.

Perhaps that is the central lesson of Napoleon’s life, who was a brilliant battlefield strategist but miserable politician and statesmen. In fact, this point was made best by Johnson himself, in the final paragraph of this book:

The great evils of Bonapartism–the deification of force and war, the all-powerful centralized state, the use of cultural propaganda to apotheosize the autocrat, the marshaling of entire peoples in the pursuit of personal and ideological power–came to hateful maturity only in the twentieth century, which will go down in history as the Age of Infamy. It is well to remember the truth about the man whose example gave rise to all, to strip away the myth and reveal the reality. We have to learn again the central lesson of history: that all forms of greatness, military and administrative, nation and empire building, are as nothing–indeed are perilous in the extreme–without a humble and contrite heart.

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“Columbine” by David Cullen

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National polls taken shortly after the attack would identify all sorts of culprits contributing to the tragedy: violent movies, video games, Goth culture, lax gun laws, bullies, and Satan. Eric did not make the list. Dylan didn’t either. They were just kids. Something or someone must have led them astray.

The frightening part of this book is that it offers no scapegoat, no easy answer. The closest thing it offers is in the psychological profiles of the two perpetrators, Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold: that Eric was a psychopathic and Dylan was majorly depressed. And “an angry, erratic depressive and a sadistic psychopath make a combustible pair.”

Insanity was marked by mental confusion. Eric Harris expressed cold, rational calculation. Fuselier ticked off Eric’s personality traits: charming callous, cunning, manipulative, comically grandiose, and egocentric, with an appalling failure of empathy. It was like reciting the Psychopathy Checklist.

The closest thing I came to any sort of conclusion while reading this was when I was watching a documentary of the JFK assassination and some perceptive videographer captured this image from the movie poster of the film Lee Harvey Oswald was watching at the Texas Theatre when he was captured, War is Hell:

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“There are some things that only the people that do them understand.”

As chilling as that sentiment is, this book is a well-crafted snapshot of the late 90s. David Cullen approaches this delicate subject with nuance and respect. Along with 9/11, I consider this travesty to be one of the defining mass events of my adolescence. Harrowing, but necessary, reading.

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“The End of Power” by Moisés Naím

 

The three revolutionary changes that define our time are as follows: the More revolution, which is characterized by increases in everything from the number of countries to population size, standards of living, literacy rates, and quantity of products on the market; the Mobility revolution, which has set people, goods, money, ideas, and values moving at hitherto unimagined rates toward every corner of the planet (including those that were once remote and inaccessible); and the Mentality revolution, which reflects the major changes in mindsets, expectations, and aspirations that have accompanied these shifts.

 

Moisés Naím is convinced that being in charge is more difficult, less rewarding, and easier to fall out of than ever before in history. While technology is an obvious scapegoat for this, Naím proves that at its core this phenomena is rooted in the fact that “we are far more numerous on the planet; we live longer; we are in better health; we are more literate and educated; an unprecedented number of us are less desperate for food and have more time and money for other pursuits; and when we are not satisfied with our present location, it is now easier and cheaper than ever to move and try somewhere else.”

This book is an exploration of why people in power are having a more difficult time than ever exercising their authority. His anecdotes and quotes are convincing, and he makes his point from an exhaustive number of angles. Just take it from Bill Clinton’s quote on the cover: “The End of Power will change the way you read the news, the way you think about politics, and the way you look at the world.”

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Crazy Lives

The crazies

The Wikipedia pages for these guys make for enthralling reading:

Randal Tye Thomas (August 23, 1978 – January 13, 2014)—This guy is the youngest mayor in Texas history. In college, he started newspapers, owned vending machines, was a member of the Electoral College during the 2000 election, and was elected mayor of Gun Barrel City, Texas at age 21. From there, his life spiraled out of control. Within a year, he was indicted by a Grand Jury for “misusing city equipment for personal gain and perjury”–he’d lied about how long he’d actually lived in the city he was now mayor of. Later that week, he downed some Xanax and got really drunk at home and called 911 on himself. The police arrived and tried to calm him down, but he insisted they arrest him, so they did. (Listen to ‘This American Life’ segment for additional details). The rest of his life is pure Greek tragedy, involving his resignation, leaving down, and winding up dead from drugs and alcohol a decade later.

Liev Schreiber  (October 4, 1967 – present)—This famous actor had a strange upbringing because of his mother. Wikipedia describes her as a “far-out Socialist Labor Party hippie bohemian freak who hung out with William Burroughs” and a “highly cultured eccentric who supported them by splitting her time between driving a cab and creating papier-mâché puppets.” She bought him a motorcycle on his 16th birthday to ‘promote fearlessness.’ She also briefly made him take a Hindu name, wear yoga shirts, and forbade him to see color movies. As a result, his favorite actors growing up (in the 1970s) were Charlie Chaplin and Basil Rathbone. Other eccentricities documented in his early life include his grandmother being lobotomized, nobody in his family knowing why they named him Liev, and that his father kidnapped him from his mother after she freaked out on LSD and went to live in a commune. It makes you wonder how Liev Schreiber feels about all this.

Lawrence Richard Walters (April 19, 1949 – October 6, 1993)—’Lawnchair Larry’ was a truck driver who one day decided to float 15,000 feet in the air sitting in a lawn chair tied to 45 helium-filled balloons. He brought along a pellet gun (to shoot down the balloons when he wanted to come down), a CB radio, sandwiches, beer, and a camera. After 45 minutes in the sky, he shot some balloons before dropping his gun. During his descent, the balloons got tangled in some power lines and caused a 20 minute blackout in the Long Beach, CA neighborhood where he landed. When asked by the press why he did it, he responded by saying, “It was something I had to do. I had this dream for twenty years, and if I hadn’t done it, I think I would have ended up in the funny farm.”

Emanuel Bronner (February 1, 1908 – March 7, 1997)—You might know this man as the maker of Dr. Bronner’s Castile soap, the brand of soap products with insane ramblings on the label that are available in health food stores the world over. What you might not know is that Bronner was a German Jew who left Nazi Germany in 1929 when he saw the way politics were moving. He was unable to convince the rest of his family that was a good idea. Tragically, his last contact with his parents was in the form of a censored postcard saying, “You were right. —Your loving father.”

His Wikipedia entry is surprisingly dismissive about one episode in his life, saying that “he was arrested for giving a speech at the University of Chicago because he had no permit authorizing him to do so and was committed to the Elgin Mental Health Center a mental hospital in Elgin, Illinois, from which he escaped after shock treatments. Bronner believed those shock treatments caused him to go blind.” The full story, gleaned from the source material, is that Bronner “began spending more of his time trying to save mankind, sending letters to world leaders and speaking against Communism and fluoridation and for one God. He was proselytizing his message of peace in his heavy German accent and organizing students at the University of Chicago in 1946 when he refused to leave the dean’s office and was arrested. Bronner began spending more of his time trying to save mankind, sending letters to world leaders and speaking against Communism and fluoridation and for one God. He was proselytizing his message of peace in his heavy German accent and organizing students at the University of Chicago in 1946 when he refused to leave the dean’s office and was arrested. He was taken to a mental hospital in Elgin, Ill., placed in straitjackets and given shock treatments, which he later claimed caused his blindness. After six months, he stole $20 from a purse, escaped from the grounds and bought a newspaper to search the classifieds for someone looking to share a ride. Bronner picked Los Angeles because no one knew him there. On the way, the driver stopped in Las Vegas to do a little gambling, and Bronner decided they had become good enough friends for him to confide he had escaped from a mental hospital. They weren’t that good a friends, it turned out, and the driver dumped Bronner in Las Vegas.” A crazy life indeed.

John Harvey Kellogg (February 26, 1852 – December 14, 1943)—This is the man that Kellogg’s cereals came from. In life, he ran a sanitarium using holistic methods, with a particular focus on nutrition, enemas, and exercise. “Kellogg made sure that the bowel of each and every patient was plied with water, from above and below. His favorite device was an enema machine that could rapidly instill several gallons of water in a series of enemas. Every water enema was followed by a pint of yogurt — half was eaten, the other half was administered by enema, ‘thus planting the protective germs where they are most needed and may render most effective service.’ Obviously, he was a freak but considering he lived to be 91 when the life expectancy was about 50 he might’ve been on to something.